Where we Stand by Hooks :: Free Essay Writer

Where we Stand by Hooks In our current society, it is acceptable to talk about race or gender. However, when it comes to the subject of class, people tend to tense, and are uncertain as to where they stand. At one time in history money afforded prestige and power, however now, money is a large part of our society and tends to rule many peoples lives. In the book Where We Stand: Class Matters, by bell hooks, she describes a life growing up in a family who had nothing, to now becoming one of America’s most admired writers. She wrote this book because she wanted to write about her journey from a working class world to class-consciousness, and how we are challenged everyday with the widening gap between the rich and the poor. In her book, hook’s describes a life dominated by the haunting issues of money, race, and class. Looking at this from the different perspectives of a functionalist, symbolic interactionist, and conflict helps to show other points of view. If you were to look at this book from a functionalist’s perspective you would be looking at it from an extremely greedy aspect. A functionalist would say that their parents and society told them that only people with money were good and successful. Thus, causing you to feel like â€Å"trash† or class if you did not make a huge salary, and live a wealthy life. A symbolic interactionist would tell you that they grew up where all of their peers drove nice cars, and had large homes, so to fit in, you need to be able to buy those things. However, a person with a conflict point of view would say that it was her ongoing struggle with society, and having to defend her class, that has made her who she is today. There are many ‘norms’ and values expressed throughout hook’s writing. In the early part of the twentieth century survival belonged to the fittest. Not necessarily meaning fittest as ‘strongest,’ but able to produce, work hard, and make a secure life for yourself and family. On the other hand, in today’s society the message is that survival belongs only to the greedy. Also many young kids have the notion that in order to ’live the good life’ you must be wealthy of material possessions. Younger kids have to deal a lot more with the pressures associated with wealth.

How Much Land Does a Man Nee Essay

A parable often contains irony, because the lesson of the story may be obvious to readers but not to the main character—at least until it’s too late. Irony refers to literary techniques used by a writer to portray differences between appearance and reality, expectation and result, or meaning and intention. In dramatic irony, there is a contradiction between what a character thinks and what the reader knows to be true. In irony of situation, an event occurs that directly contradicts the expectations of the characters or the reader. Often, an event in a story is ironic only in hindsight. Complete the following chart by telling why each example listed from Tolstoy’s story is ironic. The first one has been answered for you. When you are finished, answer the question that follows. Unit 2: Striving for Success Story Event 1. Pahom says, â€Å"If I had plenty of land, I shouldn’t fear the Devil himself!† 2. Pahom is angry when he gets fined by the woman’s manager, because he is careful with his animals. 3. Pahom’s heart fills with joy as he looks at his land. Why It’s Ironic The devil is listening and will tempt Pahom by giving him land. 4. Pahom is ten times better off in the Volga than he had been. 5. Pahom thinks he is tricking the Bashkir chief by getting a great deal on the land. 6. Pahom dies of exhaustion after marking off a huge area of land.

Gram Positive vs. Gram Negative Bacteria

Most bacteria are classified into two broad categories: Gram positive and Gram negative. These categories are based on their cell wall composition and reaction to the Gram stain test. The Gram staining method, developed by Hans Christian Gram, identifies bacteria based upon the reaction of their cell walls to certain dyes and chemicals. The differences between Gram positive vs Gram negative bacteria are primarily related to their cell wall composition. Gram positive bacteria have cell walls composed mostly of a substance unique to bacteria known as peptidoglycan, or murein. These bacteria stain purple after Gram staining. Gram negative bacteria have cell walls with only a thin layer of peptidoglycan and an outer membrane with a lipopolysaccharide component not found in Gram positive bacteria. Gram negative bacteria stain red or pink after Gram staining. Gram Positive Bacteria The cell walls of Gram positive bacteria differ structurally from the cell walls of Gram negative bacteria. The primary component of bacterial cell walls is peptidoglycan. Peptidoglycan is a macromolecule composed of sugars and amino acids that are assembled structurally like woven material. The amino sugar component consists of alternating molecules of N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) and N-acetylmuramic acid (NAM). These molecules are crosslinked together by short peptides which help give peptidoglycan strength and structure. Peptidoglycan provides protection for bacteria and defines their shape. This image shows the cell wall composition of Gram positive bacteria. CNX OpenStax/Wikimedia Commons/CC BY-SA 4.0 The Gram positive cell wall has several layers of peptidoglycan. The thick layers of peptidoglycan help to support the cell membrane and provide a place of attachment for other molecules. The thick layers also enable Gram positive bacteria to retain most of the crystal violet dye during Gram staining causing them to appear purple. Gram positive cell walls also contain chains of teichoic acid that extend from the plasma membrane through the peptidoglycan cell wall. These sugar-containing polymers assist in maintaining cell shape and play a role in proper cell division. Teichoic acid helps some Gram positive bacteria to infect cells and cause disease. Some Gram positive bacteria have an additional component, mycolic acid, in their cell walls. Mycolic acids produce a waxy outer layer that provides additional protection for mycobacteria, such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Gram positive bacteria with mycolic acid are also called acid-fast bacteria because they require a special staining method, known as acid-fast staining, for microscope observation. Pathogenic Gram positive bacteria cause disease by the secretion of toxic proteins known as exotoxins. Exotoxins are synthesized within the prokaryotic cell and released into the exterior of the cell. They are specific to certain bacterial stains and can cause serious damage to body organs and tissues. Some Gram negative bacteria also produce exotoxins. Gram Positive Cocci Gram positive cocci refer to Gram positive bacteria that are spherically shaped. Two genera of Gram positive cocci noted for their role as human pathogens are Staphylococcus and Streptococcus. Staphylococcus are spherical in shape and their cells appear in clusters after they divide. Streptococcus cells appear as long chains of cells after division. Examples of Gram positive cocci that colonize the skin include Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus pyogenes. Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive coccus (round) bacteria that is found on the skin and mucous membranes of humans and many animals. The bacteria are usually harmless, but infections can occur on broken skin or within a blocked sweat or sebaceous gland, resulting in boils, pustules and abscesses. Paul Gunning/Science Photo Library/Getty Images While all three are part of the normal human microbiota, they can cause disease under certain conditions. Staphylococcus epidermidis form thick biofilms and can cause infections associated with implanted medical devices. Some Staphylococcus aureus strains, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), have become resistant to antibiotics and can lead to the development of serious illness. Streptococcus pyogenes can cause strep throat, scarlet fever, blood poisoning, and flesh-eating disease. Gram Negative Bacteria Like Gram positive bacteria, the Gram negative bacterial cell wall is composed of peptidoglycan. However, the peptidoglycan is a single thin layer compared to the thick layers in Gram positive cells. This thin layer does not retain the initial crystal violet dye but picks up the pink color of the counterstain during Gram staining. The cell wall structure of Gram negative bacteria is more complex than that of Gram positive bacteria. Located between the plasma membrane and the thin peptidoglycan layer is a gel-like matrix called periplasmic space. Unlike in Gram positive bacteria, Gram negative bacteria have an outer membrane layer that is external to the peptidoglycan cell wall. Membrane proteins, murein lipoproteins, attach the outer membrane to the cell wall. This image shows the cell wall composition of Gram negative bacteria. CNX OpenStax/Wikimedia Commons/CC BY-SA 4.0 Another unique characteristic of Gram negative bacteria is the presence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) molecules on the outer membrane. LPS is a large glycolipid complex that protects bacteria from harmful substances in their environment. It is also a bacterial toxin (endotoxin) that can cause inflammation and septic shock in humans if it enters the blood. There are three components of the LPS: Lipid A, a core polysaccharide, and an O antigen. The lipid A component attaches the LPS to the outer membrane. Attached to the lipid A is the core polyssaccharide. It is located between the lipid A component and the O antigen. The O antigen component is attached to the core polyssaccharide and differs between bacterial species. It can be used to identify specific strains of harmful bacteria. Gram Negative Cocci Gram negative cocci refer to Gram negative bacteria that are spherically shaped. Bacteria of the genus Neisseria are examples of Gram negative cocci that cause disease in humans. Neisseria meningitidis is diplococcus, meaning that its spherical cells remain in pairs after cell division. Neisseria meningitidis causes bacterial meningitis and can also cause septicemia and shock. Neisseria meningitidis are spherical, Gram negative bacteria which cause meningitis in humans. The bacteria are typically seen in pairs, each one concave on the side facing its partner. Health Protection Agency/Science Photo Library/Getty Images Another diplococcus bacterium, N. gonorrhoeae, is the pathogen responsible for the sexually transmitted disease gonorrhea. Moraxella catarrhalis is a Gram negative diplococcus that causes ear infections in children, upper respiratory system infections, endocarditis, and meningitis. Gram negative coccobacillus bacteria have bacterial shapes that are in between spherical and rod shaped. Bacteria of the genus Haemophilus and Acinetobacter are coccobacilli that cause serious infections. Haemophilus influenzae can cause meningitis, sinus infections, and pneumonia. Acinetobacter species cause pneumonia and wound infections. Key Points: Gram Positive vs. Gram Negative Bacteria Most bacteria can be broadly classified as Gram positive or Gram negative.Gram positive bacteria have cell walls composed of thick layers of peptidoglycan.Gram positive cells stain purple when subjected to a Gram stain procedure.Gram negative bacteria have cell walls with a thin layer of peptidoglycan. The cell wall also includes an outer membrane with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) molecules attached.Gram negative bacteria stain pink when subjected to a Gram stain procedure.While both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria produce exotoxins, only Gram negative bacteria produce endotoxins. Sources Silhavy, T. J., et al. The Bacterial Cell Envelope. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology, vol. 2, no. 5, 2010, doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a000414.Swoboda, Jonathan G., et al. Wall Teichoic Acid Function, Biosynthesis, and Inhibition. ChemBioChem, vol. 11, no. 1, June 2009, pp. 35–45., doi:10.1002/cbic.200900557.

How Alzheimer s Disease ( Ad ) And Associated Dementias

Contemporary Issues Formative Essay Introduction For the purpose of this essay I will be comparing how Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) and associated dementias are recognised in the United Kingdom (UK) and responded to, when compared to Italy. I have chosen this subject as there are indications from both countries that dementia sufferers will increase dramatically over the next twenty years. It is estimated that there are 800,000 people in the UK with AD and dementia, this number is expected to double by 2040. At present the cost to the economy is  £23 billion, by 2040 the costs are likely to treble(Gov.UK). REFERENCE NEEDED. In Italy there are approximately 1 million people living with dementia. (Alzheimer’s, 2016) It has been suggested by 2020, it is estimated that 584,000 new cases of dementia will occur in the country (Choices, 2016). This this will inevitably put a high demand not only on both National Health Services (NHS) in the UK and in Italy, but also on support services within the care sector, such as carers, voluntary organisations and also families of AD and dementia sufferers. This will also increase the workload on social workers as more assessment of need will have to be carried out to maintain the levels of support needed to sustain an expected quality of life. I will be addressing legislation and policy s adopted by both countries historically and modern day. I will also be discussing diagnosis of AD and dementia, funding, ethical and cultural issues, servicesShow MoreRelatedThe Mini Mental State Examination849 Words   |  4 Pages(MMSE) is widely used for patients with dementia. The examination evaluates orientation to person, place, and time; general knowledge; memory; communication; and copying. It takes five to ten minutes to administer. The total possible score is thirty, and population-based norms by age and education level are available. Most clinicians consider a score less than twenty-four as indicative of dementia; however, based on results of longitudinal studies, early dementia in literate people with scores of twenty-fiveRead MoreA Research Study On Alzheimer s Disease1339 Words   |  6 PagesDementia is another term for memory loss and there are a couple types of dementia. This research paper is about Alzheimer s Disease (AD) which is a specific type of dementia that is closely related to aging. AD accounts for 50 to 80 percent of dementia cases. AD usually affects people 65 and older, but it can start in rare cases around 40 to 50. 5.3 million people in America have been diagnosed with AD, and almost two thirds of the population that has been diagnosed are women (Alzheimer s AssociationRead MoreThe Mental State Examination ( Mmse )833 Words   |  4 Pagesclinicians consider a score less than twenty-four as indicative of dementia. The best measures for screening for mild cognitive impairment and for dementia are tests of episodic memory. Examples of tests routinely used to measure a patient s ability to learn and recall information after a delay include tests that involve story retelling, word learning, and verbal fluency. The Arizona Battery for Communication Disorders of Dementia (ABCD) is the most commonly used instrument. The following areRead MoreAlzheimer s Disease Is An Ongoing Condition That Destroys The Connection Of Cells1689 Words   |  7 PagesAlzheimer s disease is an ongoing condition that destroys the connection of cells in the brain. According to the Alzheimer’s Foundation of America (AFA), it is estimated that as many as 5.1 million Americans have Alzheimer s disease today. Alzheimer s disease was discovered by a German physician named Alois Alzheimer. In 1906, Dr. Alzheimer saw changes in the brain tissue of a woman who died from what he presumed to be a mental illness. He described her symptoms as memory loss, language complicationsRead MoreAd : An Unidentified Mystery1224 Words   |  5 PagesAD was first identified in 1906, however, the research only began in the past 30 years. Research into AD and the exact physiological changes that trigger the development of AD still remain an unidentified mystery. There are some links they are those rare, inherited forms caused by a known genetic mutation. (Dekkers, W., Marcel, O. R. 2006) Those links are part of family history those who have a parent, or sibling with Alzheimer s are at a higher percentage of developing AD. (Dekkers, W., MarcelRead MoreSocial, Ethical, And Economic Problems1139 Words   |  5 PagesAD was first identified in 1906, however, research into its causes and treatment only gained momentum over the past 30 years. Research into AD and the exact physiological changes that trigger the development of AD still remain unknown. The only exceptions are certain rare, inherited forms of the disease caused by known genetic mutations. (Dekkers, W., Marcel, O. R. 2006) There are some major links to those who are affected by (AD). The link that connects family history those who have a parentRead MoreAlzheimer s Disease, And Vascular Dementia1565 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract Dementia is considered to be discovered by a German psychiatrist by the name of Alois Alzheimer. This discovery was made during the process of his examination of a patient with unusual behavior. In that discovery he found similarities that are linked to having Alzheimer’s disease. Dementia is known as being a slow, yet steady decline of one’s mental ability. The disease eventually becomes so severe that it will interfere with one’s daily living ability. This is not one specific disease, butRead MoreSymptoms Of Alzheimer s Disease1006 Words   |  5 PagesAlzheimer s disease is a severe illness that affects the brain and leads to gradual memory loss, reduced intellectual ability and deterioration function of thinking. Alzheimer s disease (AD), the most common type of dementia, is a progressive neurological disorder that increasingly robs individuals of cognitive, behavioral, and functional skills (Demakis, 2007). The reason for the appearance this disease is a c ollection of disorders in the brain due to which its cells are dying partially. In theRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Alzheimer s Disease930 Words   |  4 PagesAlzheimer’s Disease Kevin Arnold from the Wonder Years said â€Å"Memory is a way of holding on to the things you love, the things you are, and the things never want to lose.† Memories are the things that are upheld, whether good or bad, those memories are imprinted in the mind and cannot be taken away that is, until later in life. As one ages it is natural for some memories to fade. Loss of memories and brain function deficits that occur and are not from normal aging may indicate a person is sufferingRead MoreEffects Of The Brain On Alzheimer s Disease1467 Words   |  6 PagesChanges in the brain may a play role in Alzheimer’s disease Introduction â€Å"Alzheimer’s disease is an irreversible, progressive brain disorder that slowly destroys memory and thinking skills, and eventually the ability to carry out the simplest tasks individuals with AD may start having symptoms their mid-60s† (nih.gov). AD is a multifactorial and progressive neurodegenerative disease. â€Å"Parts of AD, for example, increased oxidative state, amyloid plaque deposition, and neurofibrillary tangle of tau

Underage Drinking A Big Problem Essay - 1066 Words

Underage Drinking: A Big Problem nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Underage drinking is wide spread through out the United States. According to Klaidman, of 10 million people under the age 21 who admitted theyd had a cocktail in the last month, 4.4 million said that they are quot;binge drinkers,quot; or people who have had more than four drinks in a row. Also, alcohol use among 12 to 17 year olds has risen .9% over the past three years (137). Lack of entertainment on college campuses and easy availability of alcohol can lead to underage drinking as well. Here at UWEC, it is easy to find a party where alcohol is provided to underage drinkers. There is also not much else to do in Eau Claire, unless one has access to a motor vehicle.†¦show more content†¦To sum up, lowering the drinking is not a viable solution to the problem of underage drinking. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Another solution to the problem of underage drinking is enacting stricter penalties on those who choose to drink under the legal age. The consequences of underage drinking can range from fines to jail time to drivers license suspensions to community service (What Are the Facts of Underage Drinking). According to Renee Fisher, Kansas legislators lowered the limit of intoxication from .08 to .02 for underage drinkers. This means it takes less alcohol for someone under 21 to be legally intoxicated. According to the Associated Press, New Jersey legislators approved a bill that would allow police to arrest people under the age of 21 who possess alcoholic beverages on private property. In Michigan, people underage can now be charged for attempting to quot;purchase, consume, or possessquot; alcohol (Rhodes). Although it is good that the government is taking steps to curb underage drinking, these measures will probably not have much of an effect. When people under 21 go out to drink, they are not thinking of the consequences of their actions, they just want to have fun. They worry about being caught, but this will make them more cautious, not stop them from drinking. Even if they are caught, this probably will not stop them from drinking again.Show MoreRelatedThe Plague Of Underage Drinking1356 Words   |  6 PagesThe Plague of Underage Drinking â€Å"Every year in the U.S., roughly 5,000 people under the age of 21 die from an alcohol-related incident including car crashes, homicides, suicides, alcohol poisoning and other related injuries† ( â€Å"11 Facts About Alcohol Abuse†). That is 5,000 more teens or young adults that could be saved from this plague in this society (11 Facts About Alcohol Abuse). Underage drinking and alcoholism is a huge problem in the United States, and as a society need to make a change withRead MoreAlcohol Advertising: the Cause of Underage Drinking? Essay1089 Words   |  5 PagesLinzay Workman Advanced Composition Rose Bunch Paper 3: Literature Review Alcohol Advertising: The Cause of Underage Drinking? The question, Is alcohol advertising the cause of underage drinking? seems to flow through the minds of many American families. The answer to the question largely depends upon the families view on drinking in general. Some homes encourage drinking every once in a while, for social purposes; while others condemn it all together. The topic is very controversialRead More Alcohol Advertising: The Cause of Underage Drinking? Essay example1079 Words   |  5 Pages Alcohol Advertising: The Cause of Underage Drinking? nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The question, â€Å"Is alcohol advertising the cause of underage drinking?† seems to flow through the minds of many American families. The answer to the question largely depends upon the families view on drinking in general. Some homes encourage drinking every once in a while, for social purposes; while others condemn it all together. The topic is very controversial with several factors weighing in such as religionRead MoreLowering the Drinking Age from 21 Would be Irresponsible Essay577 Words   |  3 PagesLowering the drinking age from 21 would be irresponsible. People argue that lowering the drinking age is not smart because most youths still have not yet reached a mature age to handle alcohol. Teens that include themselves in an unsafe environment are likely to endure in self-harm and encounter in binge drinking. The Alcohol Policy Information System says, â€Å"Annually, about 5,000 youth under the age of 21 die in incidents due to underage d rinking† (â€Å"Drinking†). I believe the drinking age shouldRead MoreThe Debate Of The Drinking Age959 Words   |  4 PagesThe drinking age has always been twenty-one in the United States, whenever it has been questioned on why twenty-one and not eighteen. The scientific answer has always been because the eighteen-year-old brain is not fully developed yet. See what I have a hard time understanding is why eighteen-year-olds are considered adults at the age of eighteen, but we can’t have a drink. At eighteen you are allowed to buy cigarettes, join the army, change your name. I just don’t understand why at eighteen youRead More Effects of Underage Drinking on Society Essay1100 Words   |  5 PagesUnderage Drinking Anyone who is below eighteen years of age is considered as underage and laws in many countries prohibit such a person from consuming alcohol. Alcohol happens to be the most commonly abused drug not only among the youth but also among adults. This paper explores underage drinking, its effects on the society and outlines what can be done to curb it. Young people are considered to constitute the largest number of alcohol consumers and they account for a large portion of alcoholRead MoreTo What Extent Should The Drinking Age Be Lowered?867 Words   |  4 PagesIt is no secret that underage drinking is rampant in the United States. Though it’s illegal for anyone under the age of 21 to buy or possess alcohol, people under the age of 21 accounts for 17.5% of consumer spending for alcohol nationwide and 90% of that is consumed through binge drinking (Tracy). According to the 2012 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, about 9.3 million Americans between ages 12-20 report current alcohol consumption (Distillers Fighting). With alcohol being one the most commonlyRead MoreEssay on Solutions to the Underage Drinking Problem681 Words   |  3 PagesSolutions to the Underage Drinking Problem As more and more innocent lives are taken by accidents involving alcohol, its no wonder why the drinking age is enforced. Consumption of alcohol doesnt just pertain to drinking and driving but is also involved in teen deaths such as suicide, homicide, and other accidents including drowning. Last year, 224 Texans under the age of 21 died in traffic accidents caused by drunken drivers. How well is it being enforced though? A GallupRead MoreThe Consequences Of Underage Drinking1745 Words   |  7 PagesConsequences of Underage Drinking While alcohol may not be the most dangerous of drugs, it is harmful nonetheless. There have been many research studies done by the National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism that prove this to be true. Binge drinking is drinking with the purpose of getting drunk, and is the most common form of alcohol consumption while it is also the most dangerous. There have been numerous researches by other organizations and scientists that have demonstrated just how dangerousRead MoreUnderage Drinking851 Words   |  4 PagesUnderage drinking is becoming more of a noticeable problem in society, not only with high school students, but also with younger generations. Drinking is all over the television, the radio, and talked about in schools, public places, etc. Alcohol advertisements are more and more appealing to younger generations. If our youth is educated at a younger age, if school policies were stricter, and if clubs and bars cracked down on underage drinking the problem would not b e as serious. Youth should be

Outsourcing Prospects of Bangladesh Free Essays

Outsourcing prospects of Bangladesh ————————————————- Top of Form Bottom of Form Both Japan and Bangladesh have always shared good bilateral relations during the last three decades, with Japan providing its services as an important development partner to Bangladesh. Besides cultural and political cooperation, economic cooperation between these two countries has always been prominent. The foundation of this economic cooperation has been aid (both financial, infrastructural and in terms of technical skill building of human resources), trade and investments. We will write a custom essay sample on Outsourcing Prospects of Bangladesh or any similar topic only for you Order Now Japan has always been keen on introducing new technology to Bangladesh, and today they are looking to tapping Bangladesh ICT resources in the form of offshore outsourcing. To establish this point, the Japanese embassy in Bangladesh brought in Professor Dr. Keiko Morisawa from Osaka City University, Japan, to provide an informative lecture on the present situation and challenges of IT service industry, through her wealth of experience in Southeast Asian countries. Organised by the Information and Cultural division of the Japanese Embassy, the program was held at the Lakeshore Hotel, Dhaka, on August 6. Through the lecture, Dr. Morisawa shared her thoughts on the scope and possibilities of the IT sector in Bangladesh, more specifically in terms of offshore outsourcing. She also pointed out some directions for building a cooperative relationship with the Japanese ICT service industry. The program was chaired by Minister-Counselor and Charge d’Affaires, Embassy of Japan, Hiramitsu Hida and was attended by AKM Abdul Awal Mazumder, secretary, Ministry of Science and ICT as the Chief Guest. Other guests included distinguished persons from government, national and international organisations, as well faculty and students of universities. Dr. Morisawa, specialist on Southeast Asian industries, spoke of two major IT destinations, China and India, which geographically surround Bangladesh. She also gave an analysis of the Philippines and Vietnamese offshore markets and how Bangladesh can learn from their success stories. After the lecture, in an exclusive interview with The Daily Star, Dr. Morisawa stressed on how Bangladesh and Japan can benefit each other and promote growth in their economies. According to Dr. Morisawa, four major countries dominate the offshore outsourcing industry. These have been collectively named BRIC (Brazil, Russia, India and China). However, of late, these countries have been facing certain problems. Brazil and China are hardly utilising their potential, Russia lacks government support and China and India themselves may be turning to non-BRIC locations at least partially to secure low cost and labor availabilities. Currently, China is the leading offshore destination from Japan, followed by India, Philippines and Vietnam respectively. Dr. Morisawa gave suggestions through which Bangladesh and Myanmar could follow the success examples of Philippines and Vietnam to enter the Japanese market and catch up or even outpace the two. Philippines have the advantage of having English as the linguistic infrastructure and quite smartly, chose to cooperate with India, rather than compete. They decided to look for nearshoring opportunities from India. ‘Nearshoring’ is the same as offshoring, only difference is that the outsourcer country is closer in distance or time zone. When asked about Vietnam, she explained that Vietnam is a cheaper market and much more keen to gain access to the Japanese industries. It encourages its citizens to learn Japanese. Moreover, the social and political stability and security in Vietnam is also a driving factor encouraging Japanese interest. Dr. Morisawa believes that if Bangladesh follows the Philippines’ example, it can speed up economic development. She suggested that Bangladesh should seek positions for nearshoring with BRIC countries, specifically India. â€Å"Bangladesh has huge potential for ITO (IT Outsourcing) and BPO (Business Process Outsourcing)†, she says. Right now, Bangladesh can be considered competent in IT sectors like web-page and multimedia design, relational database application development and data processing among others. However, Dr. Morisawa recommends that Bangladesh should be keen towards getting BPO work too, not just ITO. Bangladesh companies should also try to aim for more offshore work from Japan. For this, Japanese language education and training in Japanese business customs should be promoted. Moreover, ITEE (IT Engineering Exam) skill standards, a prerequisite for the BPO market, should be developed. Finally, more advertising and marketing need to be done to Japan by the Bangladesh ITO and BPO industries. Dr. Morisawa also informed that the Japanese government is keen on recruiting overseas students to Japan. As part of its ‘300,000 International Students Plan’, Japan aims to welcome 300,000 students from across the globe by 2020 as part of its ‘Global Strategy’. In his speech AKM Abdul Awal Mazumder mentioned that the government has taken up initiatives to ensure a good environment for IT entrepreneurs to thrive in Bangladesh through incentives and infrastructural facilities, such as state sponsored IT villages that offer high-tech offices for rental by IT companies both Bangladesh and foreign. Therefore, the government has already started making its first moves. With a healthy alliance between the IT industries, the government and Educational institutions, offshore outsourcing may be the next big boost for Bangladesh economic growth. â€Å"Japan and Bangladesh can work together to realize this global IT strategy. It’s all about cooperation and collaboration†, says Dr. Keiko Morisawa. source: The Daily Star How to cite Outsourcing Prospects of Bangladesh, Papers

Perceptions Of Customers Through Effective -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Perceptions Of Customers Through Effective? Answer: Introduction The company that has been selected for the evaluation of the marketing mix is Nike Inc. The report includes the theoretical concepts of 8ps of marketing mix along with its implementation in the company. Moreover, the report includes the evaluation of the marketing strategies which include the competition and broader contemporary issues that are faced by the marketers of the company today. The company offers the products like shoes, apparel, and equipment along with the accessories but the report focuses on the Shoes of Nike. Nike Inc. is an American multinational corporation that is involved in the design, manufacturing, marketing and sales of the footwear, apparel, accessories, equipment, and services. The company came into existence in the year 1964 by Bill Bowerman and Phil Knight as Blue Ribbon Sports (Nike, 2018). In the year 2014, the brand was valued at $19 billion and known as one of the valuable brands among sports businesses. The company had acquired few footwear companies which include Cole Haan, Umbro, and many others. Though, the company later sold Umbro in 2012 and Cole Haan in the year 2013 (Nike, 2018). Currently, the company is having the subsidiary of Hurley International. Marketing mix The marketing mix is a base model in marketing and it is well-defined as a set of marketing goals that the firm practices to pursue its marketing aims in the target. 8ps of marketing mix include product, price, distribution, promotion, people, processes, physical evidence and partnership (Patil and Bach, 2017). This marketing mix concept focuses on the Nike shoe that is the primary product of the company. Product refers to as they think that is offered to the customer in the market. The company believes in providing the innovative and new products in the market such as Nike Flyknit racer shoes, sneaker shoes and Nike women Air 2012. According to the survey that was conducted by Kent, approximately 47% of the girls or girls like to wear the shoes that meet the expectations of design, durability, protection and some others. All these requirements of the women or girls for a shoe are fulfilled by Nike through Women Air Max shoes (Gregory, 2017). Product includes the three levels:- Core product: - The core product over here refers to the base product of the company that is a shoe that offers the safety and comfort to the consumers feet while performing the activities such as jogging, playing, running and walking. The company also provide the after sales services to the customers through this the customer can share their problems and feedbacks related to the product or brand. Nike also provides some of the offers to their customers that include loyalty bonus, reward points, and seasonal offers. Competitors (such as Adidas, Reebok) of the company also provide ensure that they are providing safety and comfort to their customers. Actual product:- Product Attributes Nike shoes Quality The shoes of the company make the customer feel relax and comfortable. Features The company offer flexible, light-weight and protecting shoes that protect the feet of end users. Style and design The company works considering the trends and demand of the customers. Therefore, the company brings the changes in the style and design. Augmented product: - This level of the product include the additional benefits such as; a customer can customize the shoes considering the demand and can take the part in the Nike community. This is one of the competitive advantages of the company as this service is not provided by its competitors (Hollensen, 2015). Price In the marketing mix, the price of the product and service refers to as the current price of the product in the market. The company follows the vertical integration strategy; this strategy is used by Nike to gain the control over its distributors to enhance the position of the company in the market (Bhasin, 2018). Along with this, the company is able to control the cost of the price of the manufactured goods. The company implements the value-based pricing strategy. It is a strategy in which the prices are kept by the company considering the customers willingness to pay for the shoe due to this the company keep the high prices of the product and earn maximum revenue. The price range of the shoes of Nike starts from $80 and reaches to $400. In the year 2014, the company successfully increased the prices of its product due to this the company generated high sales and revenue. Distribution/ Place Distribution defines as the movement of product from the manufacturer to the end user. Nike shoes are available in numerous numbers of outlets not only in Australia but also across the world. The distribution of the products of the company is done through Nike town retail outlets, retailers of Nike shoes and Nike official online store (Keller, 2010). The company makes the product available with the use of the marketing and distribution channels. There are 3 levels of distribution channels which are given below: - Nike follows these channels of distributions this helps the company in making the product available to the end users. This distribution channel fluctuates according to the need for the company. Promotion Promotion is an activity that helps the company in generating the awareness related to the product in the market. The promotion is an effective strategy for the company that helps the company at the time of introducing the product into the market (Brohi, et. al, 2016). The major tools that are used by the company to promote the product include: - Advertisement: - Advertisement is one of the effective and traditional methods that is used by the company to promote the product or services in the market. The company is depended on the promotion of product and it involves the celebrity endorsers such as professional athletes and sports teams (Roll, 2012). Though, this method of promoting a product is expensive but to create the impact on the large audience the company has to spend on the advertisement. Sometimes, the company also make use of the print or online advertisement to generate the awareness about their products and services. Personal selling: - Personal selling is a most effective tool to make the customer believe in the product that they are looking to buy. Personal selling is mostly done by the personnel of the companies but sometimes the retailers of the company also get involved in this personal selling activity of the company. The staff can create a good conversation with the customers that helps the company in generating the awareness about the product's features and design along with that the conversation helps the staff members to understand the needs of the customers (Abrar, et.al, 2016). Considering the needs of the customers the staff can provide the best shoes and this leads to the customer satisfaction. Sales and promotion: - Company provides different offers to its customers as this helps Nike to enhance the sales and revenue of the product. Generally, this promotional tool is used by the company when they didnt find the appropriate sales in the particular quarter. People People in the marketing mix include staff and managing director of the company. It is essential for the companies to hire talented employees in this competitive world because they are part of the business offering which includes product and services. Nike hires the people who have basic knowledge of the shoes or knows how to deal with the customers along with that the company provides the training to the employees (Pitts, 2017). Training is essential for the employees due to this the employees of the company get to know more about the company and its products that the company offer in the market. People of the Nike are treated as a family member and the company provides the employee benefits to their staff members. In the year, there were approximately 74 thousand employees across the world. The number of employees is continuously increasing because the company is growing and expanding its business in numerous countries. Hence, there is need of the employees in each and every outlet of the company (Armstrong, et.al, 2014). Processes The company is bringing innovation in their product development process as it combines together the high-tech robots with the old-fashioned customer feedback. The company is having a sports research lab in Beaverton, Oregon where the research team tries to bring innovation in the footwear. Research performs the process to innovate the product that lowers an athletes body temperature and reduces customer energy expenditure (Shank, and Lyberger, 2014). In these research labs, the team adopts the da Vinci Surgical system concept using a copper mannequin and the company calls it Hal. Hal is built to provide as the human element in tests that include biomechanics, perception, physiology and athletic performance into a design. The research also listens to the customer and makes use of the advanced technology for the product testing which helps the research team to bring the improvement in the existing product along with this the feedback helps the team to create an innovative product (Brohi, et.al, 2014). Physical evidence The physical evidence for the products is the place where the product is physically available. Nike has maintained a good physical presence in the marketplace because the company is the market leader and has psychological and physical evidence in their marketing. The company marketing managers have manipulated the customer perception of the brand that the products are best then the competitors and stands on the no.1 position in the market (Warrink, 2015). The company understands their customer needs and demands due to this the company provides the product in their stores so that the customers can see the product before buying it. Along with this, the company provides the demonstration of the new products in the market before launch. The company provides the advertisement and the videos of new products to explain the customers about the products and how the shoes will fulfill their expectations (Thusyanthy, and Tharanikaran, 2015). Partnership This marketing mix concept includes the partnership of the company with its stakeholders that helps in performing the activity. An organization can have four partnerships: - The external partnership which includes alliances, competitors, governments. Supplier partnership with the goods and service suppliers. Internal partnership with functional departments, employees, and internal business units. Customer partnership with the final and intermediate customers. The customers partnership includes the customers who are loyal towards the brand. The company owned registered stores are a touching point with the clients. Through, these outlets the company can get direct feedback from the customers (Finchum, 2017). Nike goods are more in line which is a value added to the clients. To create a bond with the customers the company used a social networking site that is joga.com. Through this app, the company can easily understand the needs of the customers (Kotler, 2011). The company emphasis on the celebrity endorsement and for this the company formed the relationship with the celebrities. Nike is having the relationship with its suppliers and the company distributes around 300 million products annual and licenses the manufacturing of their goods to approximately 900 factories. The company invested approximately $500 million to connect retailers and suppliers. The company manages the association with the companys shareholders with its investor relation department (Kotler, 2011). Evaluation of the strategies This section of the report includes the evaluation of the strategies that are formed by the company. The marketing mix strategies of the company are based on the core product of the company that is Nike Shoes. Competitor of Nike The topmost competitor of Nike is Adidas due to which the company brings the changes in the strategies. This competitor offers the wide range of shoes to the customers and maintains a value to compete with the Nike (Cwinkler, 2013). The converse is another competitor that brings the challenges for Nike in terms of looks and styles of the shoes. Nike is having the abilities to provide shoes that are good for the sporting purpose with style and design but Converse is well-known for its unique style and looks instead of sporting abilities. To face the competitor Nike brings the changes in the style and design of shoes (Bhasin, 2018). Most of the popular shoes of Nike might be going out of style. The footlocker and the recent USB highlighted that the investors are more concerned about the trends that are slowing down. This concern is directly related to the shoes that are offered by the company to the players. There is a change in the trend and people more likely to prefer Air Jordan sneakers which is strong than the Nike (Schlossberg, 2017). Contemporary issue One of the contemporary issues that were faced by the company includes the corporate social responsibility. The company implements the responsibility related to the CSR and the same has been discussed in the annual report of the company. Though, the RED charity campaign was criticised for absence of inefficiency and transparency. Cost of the advertisement increases the revenue through donations by far. Still, this charity movement could be seen as a worth for the consumers because for consumers the products of Nike offers them the feeling of a worthy deal (Africonet.org, 2007). This is the fact that the sustainability hard work signify added customer value in order to customization of Nike goods to the customer needs for the more green and sustainable products. Apart from the CSR issue, there is the presence of mass media or social issues which affect the company strategy and working. The social activist and critic Michael Moore criticized Nike for outsourcing the jobs into the low-cost sites. There was an interview which was conducted between the Nike Chairman Phil Knight which was presented in Moore's film "The Big One". Chairman stated in the interview that he didn't care about the truth that the 14-year-old children working in one of the Nike factories in Indonesia. This incident created a bad impact on the image of the company. Later, the scenes were removed from the movie and even company claimed that it was misunderstood. This incident directly created the negative impression on the image of the company in the market. Recommendations The company is offering the shoes mainly for the athletics both for men and women but now it is recommended to the company to offer the formal shoes as well. This is the best way through which the company can extend its variety of shoes and also enhance the target market. The company should make use of the price adjustment strategy that provides the smooth working. In the price adjustment strategy, there are 7 strategies, out of this strategy the company should implement discount and allowance pricing strategy. In this strategy, the company can provide the rewards to their customers which help the company in grabbing the attention. It is recommended to the company to make use of one channel distribution system as it includes only one intermediate so the customer doesn't have to pay the extra amount. Along with that, the company should open its outlets at the prime locations that help the company for targeting a large audience. Most of the promotional tools are used by Nike to attract more and more customers. It is suggested to the company to make use of the viral marketing after the launch of the new product in the market. It is a form of the online word of mouth marketing. It helps the company in creating the electronic relation with the customers along with this it offers a personal touch and sharing of content. Though, these kinds of campaigns Nike can interact with the large audience in fewer amounts. It is recommended to the company to provide the standard minimum wages according to the act to the employees who are working in the manufacturing factories of the company. The company should encourage their employees and involve them in the decision-making so that the employees of the company can provide the innovative ideas to the managers of the company. In the organization, the smooth process is essential for successful implementation of the strategies. One dis-satisfied person might affect the process of the company so the managers should make sure that they take the feedback from the employees. The manager of the company should ensure that their employees are satisfied as this helps the company for the smooth process. The company should extend physical-evidence of its product in the market so that they can generate the awareness about the product in the market. Nike should try to increase the number of local customers by forming a strong relationship with them along with this the company can form the partnership with more stakeholders who are going to invest in companys expansion plans. The company should ensure that they maintain the inefficiency and transparency of the corporate social responsibility and reflect the same in the annual report of the company. Apart from this, the minimum age for the work is 14 years but depending on the type of work. So, the company should need to be aware when they are hiring an employee. Along with the types of work, there are restricted working hours, the 14 years children should not work more than three hours a day. Conclusion Marketing Mix is the combination of the tactics and strategies that are used by the company to execute the marketing plan. The report includes the theoretical concepts related to the marketing mix. The company selected for the analysis is Nike Inc. The company relies on the strategies related to the marketing mix to maximize the growth and profit of the company. Currently, the company is well-known in the international market. Considering, the success of the company in the global markets and its leadership in the industry, Nike reflects the significant rile of the marketing mix in the international business. The report includes the marketing mix and the contemporary issues which were faced by the company. References CBSE, S., 2015, Business studies class 12 revision notes chapter 11 marketing, viewed on 26th January 2018, https://www.learncbse.in/business-studies-class-12-revision-notes-chapter-11-marketing/ Nike, 2018, Doing Business With Nike, INC., viewed on 26th January 2018, https://about.nike.com/pages/doing-business-with-nike Brohi, H., Prithiani, J., Abbas, Z., Bhutto, A.H. and Chawla, S.K., 2016. Strategic Marketing Plan of Nike. Armstrong, G., Adam, S., Denize, S. and Kotler, P., 2014.Principles of marketing. 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